トップページに戻る    次のC#のサンプルへ    前のC#のサンプルへ

15-03 プラパズル ペントミノ8×8 問題集

問題

プラパズル ペントミノ8×8 問題集を解きます。

問題1〜3
透明な駒をとりのぞいて、1×1の空間が4つあいた形をケースの中に作ってください。


問題4
13個の駒を全部使って、図のような形を作ってください。


ソース

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

class Program
{
    //ピースごとの配置候補
    static Dictionary<char, List<bool[,]>> HaitiKouhoListDict =
        new Dictionary<char, List<bool[,]>>();

    static char[] PieceNameArr = { 'F', 'I', 'L', 'N', 'P', 'T',
                                   'U', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', 'Z',
                                   'o'};
    static int UB_X;
    static int UB_Y;

    struct JyoutaiDef
    {
        internal char[,] BanArr;
        internal int CurrX;
        internal int CurrY;
    }

    static void Main()
    {
        var sw = System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch.StartNew();

        int[,] Q1Arr = {{1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}};

        int[,] Q2Arr = {{1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,0,1,1,1,1,0,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,0,1,1,1,1,0,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}};

        int[,] Q3Arr = {{0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1},
                        {0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0}};

        int[,] Q4Arr = {{0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
                        {0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0},
                        {0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0},
                        {0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0},
                        {0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0},
                        {0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0},
                        {0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0},
                        {1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1}};

        int[,] WkArr = Q1Arr;
        bool CanUse_o = false; //oテトロミノが使用可能か?

        UB_X = WkArr.GetUpperBound(1);
        UB_Y = WkArr.GetUpperBound(0);

        int[,] QuestionArr = new int[UB_X + 1, UB_Y + 1];
        for (int X = 0; X <= UB_X; X++)
            for (int Y = 0; Y <= UB_Y; Y++)
                QuestionArr[X, Y] = WkArr[Y, X];

        //oテトロミノが使用不可なら除外
        if (CanUse_o == false)
            PieceNameArr = PieceNameArr.Where(X => X != 'o').ToArray();

        foreach (char AnyPiece in PieceNameArr) {
            HaitiKouhoListDict[AnyPiece] = DeriveHaitiKouhoList(AnyPiece);
        }

        var stk = new Stack<JyoutaiDef>();
        JyoutaiDef WillPush;
        WillPush.BanArr = new char[UB_X + 1, UB_Y + 1];
        for (int X = 0; X <= UB_X; X++)
            for (int Y = 0; Y <= UB_Y; Y++)
                WillPush.BanArr[X, Y] = (QuestionArr[X, Y] == 1 ? ' ' : '*');

        WillPush.CurrX = WillPush.CurrY = 0;
        stk.Push(WillPush);

        while (stk.Count > 0) {
            JyoutaiDef Popped = stk.Pop();

            //クリア判定
            if (Popped.BanArr.Cast<char>().All(X => X != ' ')) {
                Console.WriteLine("解を発見。経過時間={0}", sw.Elapsed);
                PrintAnswer(Popped.BanArr);
                return;
            }

            //Y座標の繰上げ処理
            if (Popped.CurrY > UB_Y) {
                Popped.CurrY = 0;
                Popped.CurrX++;
            }

            //最終列を超えた場合
            if (Popped.CurrX > UB_X) continue;

            //使用済のピース名の配列
            char[] UsedPieceArr = Popped.BanArr.Cast<char>().Distinct().ToArray();

            foreach (char AnyPiece in PieceNameArr) {
                if (Array.IndexOf(UsedPieceArr, AnyPiece) >= 0) continue;

                //Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4は線対称な問題なので、
                //対称解の除外で、ピースFは左半分でのみ配置可
                if (AnyPiece == 'F' && Popped.CurrX > UB_X / 2) continue;

                //ピースの配置候補リスト
                List<bool[,]> HaitiKouhoList = new List<bool[,]>();
                HaitiKouhoList.AddRange(HaitiKouhoListDict[AnyPiece]);

                //現在のマス目が空白の場合は、マス目を埋める必要あり
                if (Popped.BanArr[Popped.CurrX, Popped.CurrY] == ' ') {
                    HaitiKouhoList.RemoveAll(X => X[0, 0] == false);
                }

                //マス目にピースを埋めれない候補をRemove
                HaitiKouhoList.RemoveAll(X =>
                    CanFillPiece(X, Popped.CurrX, Popped.CurrY, Popped.BanArr) == false);

                //ピースを配置する経路のPush処理
                foreach (bool[,] AnyPieceMap in HaitiKouhoList) {
                    WillPush.BanArr = (char[,])Popped.BanArr.Clone();
                    WillPush.CurrX = Popped.CurrX;
                    if (AnyPiece == 'o' || AnyPiece == 'V')
                        WillPush.CurrY = Popped.CurrY;
                    else WillPush.CurrY = Popped.CurrY + 1;

                    for (int X = 0; X <= AnyPieceMap.GetUpperBound(0); X++) {
                        for (int Y = 0; Y <= AnyPieceMap.GetUpperBound(1); Y++) {
                            if (AnyPieceMap[X, Y] == false) continue;
                            WillPush.BanArr[Popped.CurrX + X, Popped.CurrY + Y] = AnyPiece;
                        }
                    }
                    stk.Push(WillPush);
                }
            }

            //現在のマス目が空白でない場合は、ピースを配置しない経路のPush
            if (Popped.BanArr[Popped.CurrX, Popped.CurrY] != ' ') {
                WillPush.BanArr = Popped.BanArr;
                WillPush.CurrX = Popped.CurrX;
                WillPush.CurrY = Popped.CurrY + 1;
                stk.Push(WillPush);
            }
        }
    }

    //ピース名を引数として、回転させた配置のListを返す
    static List<bool[,]> DeriveHaitiKouhoList(char pPieceName)
    {
        bool[,] wkArr = null;

        // ■■
        //■■
        // ■
        if (pPieceName == 'F') {
            wkArr = new bool[3, 3];
            wkArr[0, 0] = false; wkArr[1, 0] = wkArr[2, 0] = true;
            wkArr[0, 1] = wkArr[1, 1] = true; wkArr[2, 1] = false;
            wkArr[0, 2] = false; wkArr[1, 2] = true; wkArr[2, 2] = false;
        }

        //■
        //■
        //■
        //■
        //■
        if (pPieceName == 'I') {
            wkArr = new bool[1, 5];
            wkArr[0, 0] = true;
            wkArr[0, 1] = true;
            wkArr[0, 2] = true;
            wkArr[0, 3] = true;
            wkArr[0, 4] = true;
        }

        //■
        //■
        //■
        //■■
        if (pPieceName == 'L') {
            wkArr = new bool[2, 4];
            wkArr[0, 0] = true; wkArr[1, 0] = false;
            wkArr[0, 1] = true; wkArr[1, 1] = false;
            wkArr[0, 2] = true; wkArr[1, 2] = false;
            wkArr[0, 3] = wkArr[1, 3] = true;
        }

        // ■
        //■■
        //■
        //■
        if (pPieceName == 'N') {
            wkArr = new bool[2, 4];
            wkArr[0, 0] = false; wkArr[1, 0] = true;
            wkArr[0, 1] = wkArr[1, 1] = true;
            wkArr[0, 2] = true; wkArr[1, 2] = false;
            wkArr[0, 3] = true; wkArr[1, 3] = false;
        }

        // ■
        //■■
        //■■
        if (pPieceName == 'P') {
            wkArr = new bool[2, 3];
            wkArr[0, 0] = false; wkArr[1, 0] = true;
            wkArr[0, 1] = wkArr[1, 1] = true;
            wkArr[0, 2] = wkArr[1, 2] = true;
        }

        //■■■
        // ■
        // ■
        if (pPieceName == 'T') {
            wkArr = new bool[3, 3];
            wkArr[0, 0] = wkArr[1, 0] = wkArr[2, 0] = true;
            wkArr[0, 1] = false; wkArr[1, 1] = true; wkArr[2, 1] = false;
            wkArr[0, 2] = false; wkArr[1, 2] = true; wkArr[2, 2] = false;
        }

        //■ ■
        //■■■
        if (pPieceName == 'U') {
            wkArr = new bool[3, 2];
            wkArr[0, 0] = true; wkArr[1, 0] = false; wkArr[2, 0] = true;
            wkArr[0, 1] = wkArr[1, 1] = wkArr[2, 1] = true;
        }

        //■
        //■
        //■■■
        if (pPieceName == 'V') {
            wkArr = new bool[3, 3];
            wkArr[0, 0] = true; wkArr[1, 0] = wkArr[2, 0] = false;
            wkArr[0, 1] = true; wkArr[1, 1] = wkArr[2, 1] = false;
            wkArr[0, 2] = wkArr[1, 2] = wkArr[2, 2] = true;
        }

        //■
        //■■
        // ■■
        if (pPieceName == 'W') {
            wkArr = new bool[3, 3];
            wkArr[0, 0] = true; wkArr[1, 0] = wkArr[2, 0] = false;
            wkArr[0, 1] = wkArr[1, 1] = true; wkArr[2, 1] = false;
            wkArr[0, 2] = false; wkArr[1, 2] = wkArr[2, 2] = true;
        }

        // ■
        //■■■
        // ■
        if (pPieceName == 'X') {
            wkArr = new bool[3, 3];
            wkArr[0, 0] = false; wkArr[1, 0] = true; wkArr[2, 0] = false;
            wkArr[0, 1] = wkArr[1, 1] = wkArr[2, 1] = true;
            wkArr[0, 2] = false; wkArr[1, 2] = true; wkArr[2, 2] = false;
        }

        // ■
        //■■
        // ■
        // ■
        if (pPieceName == 'Y') {
            wkArr = new bool[2, 4];
            wkArr[0, 0] = false; wkArr[1, 0] = true;
            wkArr[0, 1] = wkArr[1, 1] = true;
            wkArr[0, 2] = false; wkArr[1, 2] = true;
            wkArr[0, 3] = false; wkArr[1, 3] = true;
        }

        //■■
        // ■
        // ■■
        if (pPieceName == 'Z') {
            wkArr = new bool[3, 3];
            wkArr[0, 0] = wkArr[1, 0] = true; wkArr[2, 0] = false;
            wkArr[0, 1] = false; wkArr[1, 1] = true; wkArr[2, 1] = false;
            wkArr[0, 2] = false; wkArr[1, 2] = wkArr[2, 2] = true;
        }

        //■■
        //■■
        if (pPieceName == 'o') {
            wkArr = new bool[2, 2];
            wkArr[0, 0] = wkArr[1, 0] = true;
            wkArr[0, 1] = wkArr[1, 1] = true;
        }

        return DeriveKaitenArrList(wkArr);
    }

    //配列を引数として、回転させた配列のリストをDistinctして返す
    static List<bool[,]> DeriveKaitenArrList(bool[,] pBaseArr)
    {
        var KaitenArrList = new List<bool[,]>();

        //1個目はそのまま
        //■
        //■■■

        //2個目は1個目を時計回りに90度回転
        //■■
        //■
        //■

        //3個目は2個目を時計回りに90度回転
        //■■■
        //  ■

        //4個目は3個目を時計回りに90度回転
        // ■
        // ■
        //■■

        //5個目は1個目とX軸で線対称
        //■■■
        //■

        //6個目は5個目を時計回りに90度回転
        //■■
        // ■
        // ■

        //7個目は6個目を時計回りに90度回転
        //  ■
        //■■■

        //8個目は7個目を時計回りに90度回転
        //■
        //■
        //■■

        int BaseArrUB_X = pBaseArr.GetUpperBound(0);
        int BaseArrUB_Y = pBaseArr.GetUpperBound(1);

        for (int I = 1; I <= 8; I++) KaitenArrList.Add(null);
        for (int P = 0; P <= 6; P += 2) KaitenArrList[P] = new bool[BaseArrUB_X + 1, BaseArrUB_Y + 1];
        for (int P = 1; P <= 7; P += 2) KaitenArrList[P] = new bool[BaseArrUB_Y + 1, BaseArrUB_X + 1];

        for (int X = 0; X <= BaseArrUB_X; X++) {
            for (int Y = 0; Y <= BaseArrUB_Y; Y++) {
                bool SetVal = pBaseArr[X, Y];
                KaitenArrList[0][X, Y] = SetVal;
                KaitenArrList[1][Y, BaseArrUB_X - X] = SetVal;
                KaitenArrList[2][BaseArrUB_X - X, BaseArrUB_Y - Y] = SetVal;
                KaitenArrList[3][BaseArrUB_Y - Y, X] = SetVal;

                KaitenArrList[4][X, BaseArrUB_Y - Y] = SetVal;
                KaitenArrList[5][BaseArrUB_Y - Y, BaseArrUB_X - X] = SetVal;
                KaitenArrList[6][BaseArrUB_X - X, Y] = SetVal;
                KaitenArrList[7][Y, X] = SetVal;
            }
        }

        //Distinctする
        for (int I = KaitenArrList.Count - 1; 0 <= I; I--) {
            for (int J = 0; J <= I - 1; J++) {
                if (KaitenArrList[I].GetUpperBound(0) !=
                    KaitenArrList[J].GetUpperBound(0)) continue;
                if (KaitenArrList[I].GetUpperBound(1) !=
                    KaitenArrList[J].GetUpperBound(1)) continue;

                IEnumerable<bool> wkEnum1 = KaitenArrList[I].Cast<bool>();
                IEnumerable<bool> wkEnum2 = KaitenArrList[J].Cast<bool>();
                if (wkEnum1.SequenceEqual(wkEnum2) == false) continue;

                KaitenArrList.RemoveAt(I);
                break;
            }
        }
        return KaitenArrList;
    }

    //マス目にピースを埋めれるか
    static bool CanFillPiece(bool[,] pPieceMap, int pTargetX, int pTargetY, char[,] pBanArr)
    {
        for (int X = 0; X <= pPieceMap.GetUpperBound(0); X++) {
            if (pTargetX + X > UB_X) return false;
            for (int Y = 0; Y <= pPieceMap.GetUpperBound(1); Y++) {
                if (pTargetY + Y > UB_Y) return false;
                if (pPieceMap[X, Y] && pBanArr[pTargetX + X, pTargetY + Y] != ' ')
                    return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    //解を出力
    static void PrintAnswer(char[,] pBanArr)
    {
        var sb = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
        for (int Y = 0; Y <= UB_Y; Y++) {
            for (int X = 0; X <= UB_X; X++) {
                sb.Append(pBanArr[X, Y]);
            }
            sb.AppendLine();
        }
        Console.WriteLine(sb.ToString());
    }
}


実行結果

解を発見。経過時間=00:00:03.4450291
YWWIIIII
YYWWLLLL
YF*WT*XL
YFFFTXXX
ZZFTTTXP
VZ*UU*PP
VZZUNNPP
VVVUUNNN


解説

Q1,Q2,Q3,Q4は線対称な問題なので、
対称解の除外で、ピースFは左半分でのみ配置可としてます。